The end of hostility

The End of Hostility
Father Mullen

He is our peace… he has broken down the dividing wall, that is, the hostility between us. (Ephesians 2:14)

Although for the past couple of years the Rectory has been home to five or six members of the Servant Year community, it is still the four-footed residents of the household – canine, feline, and murine – that provide me with the best fodder for sermons.  The introduction of a new cat, after the somewhat heart-breaking demise of the last one, has provided me with new reflections on the possibilities of inter-special harmony, since Gus, the new cat, is a much more sociable creature than his predecessor.

On arrival in the Rectory, Gus identified his place in balance of power right away.  He established his dominance over the mouse population with and impressive and immediate efficiency.  And he adopted an appropriate attitude of skittish suspicion toward the two Labrador Retrievers in the house.  But Gus, who has been with us for less than six months, is turning out to be a curious, brave, and assertive cat. For a while he was equal parts nervous and inquisitive about the dogs, and he has been known to find safe perches in high places from which to observe them.

But over the weeks, Gus has steadily narrowed the distance between himself and the dogs, feeling more and more confident and comfortable with less and less space between him and them.  It helps that Gus has realized that he is both faster and more agile than either of the dogs.  He has advanced from watching the dogs safely from an upper landing of the staircase, to lurking around corners to catch glimpses of them, to parking himself on the opposite side of a door against which a dog is resting and playing with the dog’s tail in the gap under the door.  Occasionally Gus would investigate a room recently occupied by the dogs, only to make a hasty exit when they returned to that room, like after a walk.

But very recently Gus surprised me when, as I returned from a walk with both dogs and brought them into my office, I found the cat parked casually on one of the wing chairs in the room, showing no intention whatsoever of vacating the premises.

I myself had elsewhere to be, with no time for complicated social experiments.  I asked Gus if he really meant to stay there with the dogs in the same room, and he glanced at me with a look of steely but casual determination in his eyes.  I put both dogs inside the office with him, and closed the door behind me, wondering what I would find when I returned, but confident that Gus could always find refuge on the mantle or the bookshelves, to which the dogs have no access, being poor climbers of vertical planes.

Amusing as this little scenario is, it also illustrates a quite remarkable refusal on the part of the cat to inhabit an environment of endless hostility.  Despite his initial assessment of the power dynamics of the Rectory, he has apparently suspected that things could change, and that (unlike his predecessor) he need not live in a culture of hostility and fear his entire life.  This is a curious and noble insight for a cat to have.  Why, then, is it so very hard for us humans to see the world in this way?

Whoever it was who wrote the Epistle to the Ephesians, picking up on the tradition of St. Paul, saw in Jesus’ ministry of love on the Cross something like this insight: that we do not need to live our lives enmeshed in hostile relationships with one another, and that among the reasons Jesus gave his life was to make this lesson available to us.  “For he is our peace… he has broken down the dividing wall, that is, the hostility between us.”  The writer of these words was addressing the rift between Jew and Gentile, and the question of whether it could ever be spanned, and I have to admit I wonder where his brave and insightful answer came from.

In the Gospel this morning, we hear how Jesus was followed by a large crowd.  Matthew tells us that Jesus “had compassion for them, because they were like sheep without a shepherd; and he began to teach them many things.”  But Matthew does not tell us what Jesus taught them.

It’s an unusual thing about the Christian faith and tradition that the central figure of our religion provided no written record of his teaching (although he could have), and that the written record about him is mostly narrative, and not much instruction on purity, rule, or commandment.  When people flocked to Jesus he taught them many things – but what were those things?  What was Jesus teaching?  And why did no one bother to write it down?  Is it all covered elsewhere in the Scriptures – like in the Sermon on the Mount?  Were his other teachings so commonplace that no one thought it was worth the time to write them down?

Or, I wonder if perhaps Jesus sat there with his followers teaching them about cats and dogs.  Maybe in a corner of the synagogue, or in someone’s house there was a cat curled up in the warm crescent of a large dog’s belly, the cat’s head snuggled under the dog’s chin. 

And maybe Jesus, inhabiting a world of hostility, as he did, and teaching in a religious tradition pockmarked with hostility, as it was, (just like ours), when he was asked questions about purity, rule, and commandment, pointed to the cat nestled in the embrace of the sleeping dog, and said, “Little children, you remember that the prophet said that the ‘wolf shall lie down with the lamb, and the leopard shall lie down with the kid.’  You have thought that this was poetic license, but I tell you that your heavenly Father wants you to learn to live just like that dog and that cat: without any hostility between you and any other nations, language, peoples, or tongues.”

It’s hard to teach that kind of lesson (of peace and love) while pontificating about purity, rules, and commandment.  And, as Pope Francis recently pointed out to a gathering of children, this kind of peace-nik teaching will always find its detractors, because almost no one gets rich on peace.

No wonder no one wrote it down if Jesus ever taught like this.  This is a children’s tale of puppies and kittens, that grown-ups do well to out-grow, and it is foolishness to pretend otherwise.  The world is a messy complicated place, and hostility is just a part of it.  Far better to teach your children how to stand their ground when it is threatened, how to claim their strength and their power, how to know who’s side they are on, than to point to sleeping pets and find a lesson there.

One thing about domesticated pets is that they are comfortably middle-class.  Their hierarchy of needs is generally well met, which is why they find the romantic notion of nature “red in tooth and claw” so incongruous with their existence.  No dog, no cat is looking to make any money in the military industrial complex that has become a humming engine at the center of the world we inhabit, and that depends on hostility, or at least the promise of hostility, to keep it running.

Someone was selling arms in Jesus’ day too.  Someone was getting rich by exploiting hostilities in his day – there is nothing new under the sun.

And people flocked to Jesus, and he had compassion for them, for they were like sheep without a shepherd.  No doubt some of them wanted to take up arms, and wave flags, and claim the heritage of the house of David that had once been mighty in battle.

And Jesus taught them many things.  We don’t know exactly what he taught them – much of it is lost to posterity.  But it seems pretty clear that he did not arm them, or give them target practice. 

It’s far more believable, I’d say, that he taught them about a brave little cat, who found his place within the balance of power, and then dared to change that balance, not by challenging the strength and size of his canine neighbors, but by asserting his desire to be close to them, to pose no threat to them, and to insist that they pose no threat to him either…

…by refusing to live in a context of permanent fear and hostility, and teaching his two new friends that if they lay quietly near him, they could hear him purr.

 

 

Preached by Fr. Sean Mullen

19 July 2015

Saint Mark’s Church, Philadelphia

Posted on July 19, 2015 .

Manna from heaven

Manna from Heaven
Father Mullen

For forty years the children of Israel ate manna in the desert.  The Scriptures say that “it was white like coriander seed and tasted like wafers made with honey.”

“Each morning everyone gathered as much as they needed, and when the sun grew hot, it melted away.  On the sixth day, they gathered twice as much… some gathered much, some little.  And when they measured it… the one who gathered much did not have too much, and the one who gathered little did not have too little. Everyone had gathered just as much as they needed.”

It is, of course almost impossible to believe such a thing.  Even if you account for the number “forty” as an indicator for the more vague meaning: “a long time,” it’s hard to believe that the grumbling, complaining followers of Moses (or anyone, for that matter) subsisted on this dew-like substance, that evaporated from the ground with the sunshine.

An interesting detail: “Moses said to them, ‘No one is to keep any of it until morning.’  However, some of them paid no attention to Moses; they kept part of it until morning, but it was full of maggots and began to smell.”  This detail, like so many details of the stories of Israel’s pilgrimage to the Promised Land, contributes to the general sense that the stories cannot possibly have taken place in history.  It all just seems so hard to believe.  Who knows?  I don’t.

What I suspect is this – that the details of the taste and texture of the manna from heaven are unimportant, as unimportant as the actual amount of time the children of Israel may have wandered through the wilderness.  But the matter of the perishibility of the manna is not unimportant at all.

History is silent about the truth of the existence of manna.  God seems to have wanted to allow for a kind of historical exhibit of manna for all posterity: he tells Moses to “take a jar and put [a measure] of manna in it. Then place it before the Lord to be kept for the generations to come.”  But this artifact and its contents have been lost, just like the tablets of the Ten Commandments, and Noah’s ark.  Who can truly believe that they ever really existed?  I don’t know.

But I know that if you want to know what kind of economy God would set up, if we really allowed him to govern our lives, you don’t have to scratch your head and wonder.  God knows there are people who are perfectly capable of getting up early and collecting more than their fair share of the manna.  God knows that such early birds could sell it at a profit.  God knows that there are those who could corner the market in manna, stockpile it, and make a killing.  And God knows that there are those who would sleep in and miss out on the manna.  He knows that there are those who are too weak, or too lazy, or too stupid, frankly, or whose knees don’t work so well anymore, or whose backs go out whenever they try to bend over and collect their share of the manna.  God knows.  And God doesn’t care.  “The one who gathered much did not have too much, and the one who gathered little did not have too little.”  This is a rule, established by God.  And in case you forgot, or deliberately held on to more manna than you needed overnight, the excess would be crawling with maggots in the morning, just to show you.

We heard St. Paul refer to this unbelievable story in one of his letters to the fledgling church in Corinth, as he is trying to help them learn what it means to act like a Christian community, a community gathered in Christ’s name, a community called to embody God’s will for his people.  It was a community in which there was a marked disparity between those who had a great abundance, and those who had great need.  (Sound familiar?)  He is writing to the young church about its offering and support for the poor.  And St. Paul reaches for this simple and unbelievable story from way back in the Bible, and its un-complicated insistence: The one who gathered much did not have too much, and the one who gathered little did not have too little.”

I’m not going to torture the point here.  You can see where this is going.  I’m not going to try to paint a picture of those in our own day and age who have gathered too much, or of those who have gathered too little.  Let me just say this: both pictures are grotesque in the extreme: wealth and poverty in our midst that are grotesque in the extreme.  I’m not going to say that it is easy to calculate the life-lesson here – how much is too much, how much is too little? - I’m not at all sure it is simple to do this math.  But I am pretty sure the calculations should not be so extreme as they are in our society.

What I’m going to say is that if you want to know how God organizes things, what God thinks is good and right and fair, you don’t have to wonder: it’s right there: “the one who gathered much did not have too much, and the one who gathered little did not have too little.”

I can think of dozens of ways to rationalize and explain this lesson away: beginning with the sheer supposed foolishness of believing that there was a time when a wandering people grumbled in the wilderness that they were hungry, and God left a tasty dew on the ground that fed them for forty years.  You’d have to be a little gullible these days, I guess, to believe a story like that.  This, of course, is a common, but often unstated, assessment of Christians: that we are gullible.  You’ve got to be at least a little gullible to believe this stuff.  If you weren’t gullible you’d be spiritual, but not religious.  Spiritual is OK.  But religion, with all its hard-to-believe stories, is for the gullible.  Manna from heaven: LOL!

But even amongst the religions, I have this suspicion that we are becoming – maybe we have become - a people who no longer believe in manna.  And you can imagine that I see this as a danger.

And if we are in danger of becoming a people who no longer believe in manna, then we are in danger of becoming a people who no longer believe in a Promised Land.

And if we should become a people who are in danger of no longer believing in a Promised Land, then we are in danger of becoming a people who no longer believe in the kingdom of heaven.

And if we should become a people who no longer believe in the kingdom of heaven, then what is the point?

And in a sense, it all starts with the manna.  You give up on the manna and so much else falls away.

And what’s the thing about the manna?  It isn’t the flavor, or the texture, or the presentation – it’s that God provides it, and that everyone gets what he or she needs.  It’s that those who gathered much did not gather too much, and those who gathered little did not gather too little.

There has been a fair bit of gasping about the news this past week or so.  There have been two remarkable Supreme Court decisions, and one rendition of Amazing Grace that left a lot of people gasping, one way or another.  And of course it is dangerous to talk about either Supreme Court decisions or about singing presidents from the pulpit.  So I want to say that I know this.  But it is important to talk about manna from the pulpit – lest we become a people who no longer believe in manna.

And from where I stand - in this city that is built, in part, on the amazing gifts of medical care that have been developed in the most extravagant way – access to that care is more or less a question, not of legislation, but of manna.  Those who gathered much did not gather too much, and those who gathered little did not gather too little.

And from where I stand, the human right of gay and lesbian people to enter into marriages that can be sanctioned by the state, in this nation that grants privileges to married people, is a question, not of states’ rights, but of manna.  Those who gathered much did not gather too much, and those who gathered little did not gather too little.

And from where I stand, the reality of the plight of so many black Americans whose lives seem not to matter very much in the eyes of some in our nation, is a question, not of regional heritage, or respect for law enforcement, or anything else, but of manna.  Those who gathered much did not gather too much, and those who gathered little did not gather too little.

It all begins with manna.  It begins with recognizing how hungry you are, that somehow you have ended up in the wilderness.  You grumble, and if you do not grumble to God directly, then some Moses hears your grumbles, and passes them on to the Lord.  And amazingly, like dew in the morning, manna comes down from heaven!  And now you can set off again for the Promised Land.

On the way to the Promised Land, we are trying not to forget the manna.  We are trying not to tire of it.  We are trying not to resent God for feeding us with nothing but this manna, nothing but this bread from heaven.  We are trying not to forget that God has someplace for us to go, even though we don’t know where that place is, we just believe that it is flowing with milk and honey (a welcome change from the manna)!

On the way to whatever Promised Land God is calling us to (and this is an idea, mind you, not a piece of real estate), we are trying to remember that Jesus has already told us about a kingdom.  He called that kingdom the kingdom of heaven, and he told us that it is at hand.  And mostly we don’t know what that means.  (We are still struggling with the manna!)  But the manna tells us something important about the Promised Land, something important about the kingdom.  It tells us that those who gathered much did not gather too much did not gather too much, and those who gathered little did not gather too little.

St. Paul was being cautious in his letter, not to say what was too much and what was too little.  St Paul was secretly an Episcopalian.  He knew that this was a delicate matter.  But he also knew that responsible people of faith could figure out when too much is too much, and when too little is too little.  Has that become too difficult a task for us?  I hope not.

I hope it has not become too much to ask of us to hold on to our belief in the manna that came down from heaven, and to know manna in our own day and age when we see it, even if it looks like a visit to the doctor, or a marriage license, or claiming with the urgency of the moment that black lives matter in America.

The manna just keeps coming: manna from heaven: gifts of God for the people of God, with which he nourishes and feeds us.  There is more than enough for everyone.  May it be that those who gather do not gather too much, and those who gather little do not gather too little.  And may God draw us ever closer to the Promised Land, and ever more deeply into his kingdom.  And let it start with manna.

 

 

Preached by Fr. Sean Mullen

28 June 2015

Saint Mark’s Church, Philadelphia

Posted on June 28, 2015 .

For the Martyrs of Charleston

For the Martyrs of Charleston
Father Mullen

Jesus said to his disciples, “Let us go across to the other side.”   (Mark 4:35)

I don’t know what David was thinking when he looked up at Goliath of Gath, the Philistine champion who was supposed to whup his behind, but I know what I’d have been thinking, and you can’t say it in church. 

Whatever it was, it was almost assuredly not what the disciples were thinking when Jesus said to them, “Let us go across to the other side.”  They had no cause for worry because they didn’t know that their boat was about to get swamped in a storm, and that they would soon be on the brink of drowning on the very lake they had grown up around, fished in all their lives, swam in as children, sailed on every day, and depended upon for their livelihoods.  But the only reason that their fear and trepidation was not on a par with the fear and trepidation that David may have felt – or at least that I would have felt had I been in David’s shoes – is because they couldn’t see the storm coming. 

David could see the giant right there in front of him.  We are told that David talked a tough game, bragging that he had killed both lions and bears while tending his sheep, and declining the use of Saul’s armor.  But that doesn’t mean that he was entirely free from anxiety when he stepped out to meet Goliath.  His heart may well have been in his throat when Goliath told him he’d feed his flesh to the birds and the animals.  And I suppose that he might have had confidence in his own cunning and skill, he might have been certain of his aim, but that is not where he tells Goliath that his confidence rests.  He tells Goliath this, “I come to you in the name of the LORD of hosts, the God of the armies of Israel, whom you have defied. This very day the LORD will deliver you into my hand.”  David approached Goliath with a certain self-confidence, no doubt, but mostly his confidence and trust were placed squarely in God.

Back on the Sea of Galilee, the disciples still had not come to understand who Jesus is, their faith was as yet unformed.  They were not expecting that it would be tested on the lake that day.  They had no idea what they were in for.  All they knew was that Jesus had said to them, “Let us go across to the other side.”

Let us go across to the other side.  It turns out that this is not an idle invitation.  This is the invitation that God essentially gives to Noah before the flood.  It’s the invitation to Abraham as he’s packing his things to wander in the desert with Sarah.  It’s the invitation to Moses at the Red Sea with the Egyptians in hot pursuit, and again as he sets out for forty years in the wilderness.  And it is the invitation Moses is not allowed to accept as he gazes down at the Jordan River, and across the valley to the Promised Land.  Let us go across to the other side.  When Jesus goes down into that river with his cousin John, he picks up the journey that Moses was not allowed to complete, but he will cross more than just a river.  This is the invitation that Jesus makes when he tells his disciples to take up their Cross – and invitation to go with him to Golgotha, and cross the river of death.  It is an invitation implicit in every mention Jesus makes of the Kingdom of heaven, and when he tells the repentant thief that “today you will be with me in paradise.”

Let us go across to the other side.  This is the fundamental Christian invitation whenever we stand at the font and stir up the waters of Baptism, whenever we stand over a casket to commend the dead to God’s care, and whenever we peer with St. John the Divine into the mystical wonder of God’s revelation of what he will do when all things in this world come to an end, and the new Jerusalem is built in the heavens and there is no pain nor death, nor sorrow nor sighing.  Let us go across to the other side: it is no idle invitation.

This has been a Christian dream – the dream of martyrs and virgins, and crusaders, and monks, and pilgrim, and priests, and many a simple child of God – to follow Jesus’ invitation and go across to the other side… of the river, the desert, the wilderness, the lake, the path obstructed by some giant enemy, the spiritual challenge of evil, pain, suffering, and loss, the vale of tears, and the great, unknown chasm of death.

And of course this was the great dream of those generations of slaves who were shipped to these shores in chains with no hope ever of returning whence they came.  The only shred of Good News that came their way was this invitation in the Gospel that they knew was meant for them: let us go across to the other side.  How sweet the other side of some fabled Sea of Galilee must have looked!  How ravishing the opposite shore of some apocryphal Jordan River must have seemed from their sweat-soaked, blood-stained slave-hood, even if these were only realms of faith found deep in the heart that they could sing about but never actually glimpse!  Let us go across to the other side!

Let us go across to the other side.  You have to wonder whether Jesus knew that he was leadings his friends into a storm.  And you have to wonder whether he knew that he was leading his friends into a storm on Wednesday night at Mother Emmanuel Church in Charleston, when a room full of his disciples opened their doors to a young man intent on killing them when the Bible study was done.

What was Jesus thinking!?!?  Why, oh why, does he ask his disciples to get into a boat, only to lead them into a storm that he knows they may not survive?  And this is not the first time he has done it!  How do you do that?  How do you let your children be sold into slavery?  How do you let them suffer for a hundred years after slavery is abolished?  How do you ask them to endure such slow progress in the battle for their human, civil rights?  How do you ask David to stand up against Goliath, knowing that the armor doesn’t even fit?

God has left himself open to some difficult questions, if you ask me.  And I do not claim to have all the answers.

Jesus doesn’t come across with all the answers either, he just tells his disciples, “Let us go across to the other side.”  And then a deadly storm breaks out while he is asleep. 

Most times when we tell this story we focus on Jesus calming the storm as if that was the point of the story, but actually, maybe it is not?  For, once the storm is calmed they are still in the middle of the lake, and the object is to go across to the other side.  So maybe Jesus calms to the storm in order to grasp a teaching moment.   He says to his disciples in the boat, "Why are you afraid? Have you still no faith?" 

Why are you afraid?  Have you no faith?  (Remember that faith was the only thing David was meaningfully armed with when he went up against Goliath!)  The seas are calmed, but there they are in the middle of the lake.  The very next line in Mark’s Gospel, after this story is told, has been identified as the first line of the next chapter, but I think perhaps it should really be the last line of the previous chapter, and of this little episode.  It says this: “They came to the other side of the sea.”  Mission accomplished.

In our own day and age, this lesson in faith is important if we are to put our trust in God, because although we may call them by other names giants there still be; storms there still be; madmen wielding guns there be.  And there is no armor that can protect us against such perils.  And sometimes the only promise Jesus can make is that we will get to the other side.  There is another side, and we will make it there!

A couple of generations ago, the leaders of the Civil Rights movement transposed and translated this faith in the journey to the other side of the sea, as they translated and transposed the songs of the slaves into another song that became the anthem of the Civil Rights movement: We shall overcome, we shall overcome, we shall overcome some day!  This was a way of linking their hope to Jesus’ invitation to go across to the other side.  To brave the storms of racism, bigotry and hatred, armed with little other than their faith in the God who promises to get you to the other side.

It can be frustrating to find that we still have so much distance to travel.  But don’t you know that Noah felt that way, too?  Abraham felt that way, Sarah felt that way. Moses felt that way, and Aaron his brother, and all the weary children of Israel.  God knows the slaves who built my own college in Virginia must have felt frustrated that there remained so much distance to get to the other side.

And I am frustrated when I look back at a movement that was in full swing when I was born nearly fifty years ago still has so far to go to get to the other side.  Because racists there still be, bigots there still be, haters there be, and mongers of hate.  The battle must not be over since they refuse to take down the battle flag, fold it up, and put it away in a drawer where it belongs.

But Jesus is still saying to those of us with faith (and maybe nothing more), “Let us go across to the other side.”  It is not just an invitation; it is a promise.  It is a promise that he made to his disciples and that he kept though the waters raged and swelled.

It is a promise that he made to those Martyrs of Charleston: to Sharonda, Clementa, Cynthia, Tywanza, Myra, Ethel, Daniel, Depayne, and Suzie: let us go across to the other side.  And it is a promise he is keeping with them right now, as he carries them in his bosom of love.

And it is a promise he makes to us, as he invites day by day to seek his justice in this world, and his hope in the world to come: Let us go across to the other side.

It is a promise we must not stop repeating in that beautiful translation of the Civil Rights movement, and we must breathe it, and live it, and sing it, and fight for it if we have to: We shall overcome, we shall overcome, we shall overcome some day!

Storms are coming, but why are you afraid?  Have you still no faith?  We shall overcome!  Let us go across with Jesus to the other side, wherever our faith should lead us!  Let us go across to the other side!  Thanks be to God!

 

Preached by Fr. Sean Mullen

21 June 2015

Saint Mark’s Church, Philadelphia

Posted on June 21, 2015 .