Horseshoe Salvation

Only five days after Palm Sunday, there is no mention today, in John’s Gospel, of Jesus’ triumphal ride into Jerusalem.  No mention of the palms and the crowd that waved them.  No mention of the donkey that carried Jesus into the city. 

Chances are very good that that donkey made its way through the streets barefoot, un-shod, since donkeys are very rarely fitted with metal shoes, like horses, and horse shoes were only just being invented around that time.  Even today, however, donkeys don’t usually wear shoes.  Their hooves are big and broad and tough enough to withstand the impact of their work, even carrying heavy loads, or drawing a cart, or with a person on their backs.

Horses, on the other hand, are more delicate creatures whose hooves did just fine, more or less, when they were left to roam in their natural habitats.  But when horses were domesticated and started carrying humans on their backs, and pulling carts, sleighs, plows, beer-wagons, and royal wedding coaches, their relatively soft hooves could not take it: hence the horse shoes  - our way of helping horses cope with the demands we make of them, our way of protecting them from the damage we would otherwise do to them.

A couple of weeks ago, at a horse barn not far from the city, I watched, as a farrier pounded a red-hot horseshoe into shape on his anvil.  Then he cooled it in a bucket of water, and took it to the horse, and showed me the narrow band near the outside of the hoof where it is safe and painless to nail the shoe into the hoof; further inside the hoof wall and the nail will draw blood.  He bent over, with the horse’s hoof between his knees, the nails in his teeth, hammer in hand, and tapped the nails into the hoof.  And he showed me how he places one finger of the hand with which he holds the nail on the outside of the hoof, just where he wants the nail to come out, to help guide him as he drives the nails with his hammer.

Leaving the barn behind for a moment, back in church, the exuberance of the palm-waving, now over, we often feel on Good Friday as though we have come to a funeral. After all, we have come to remember Jesus’ death on the Cross.  And if there is heaviness in our hearts, then it may be, in part, directed at those who put Jesus to death.  You can hear the suggestion of this in John’s Gospel: his antagonism toward the Jews, and toward the roman soldiers who mock Jesus and beat him.  And so, we have adopted a posture and attitude of mourning, by and large.  And if we think about it, we might feel a little more righteous ourselves, as we look aghast at the betrayal of Judas, the scheming of the chief priests, the abuse of the soldiers.

And if this is the way we approach Good Friday, what could be more poignant than that moment when Jesus’ wrists are tied to the wood of the Cross, and his hands pinned to its beam, and we can hear in our mind’s ear the harsh clang of the hammer hitting the nails as they are driven into his flesh to hold him to his Cross?  It is the type of thing that ought to make us look away, to cover our eyes in horror, and in shame, and disgust.

But actually that is not really why we are here.  We have not come to point the finger of blame, or to nurture old hatreds, or to bemoan the sins of someone else, long ago.   Actually we have come here to help with the nails; we have come here to place our fingers on the far side of the Cross, just where we want the nail to come out, to make sure the nails go in right.

For in the strange husbandry of God’s love and care for his people, this is the way he has given us to cope with the way we have chosen to live our lives.  This is the way he guards us from the damage we would otherwise do to ourselves.  Not by nailing protective metal shoes to our feet, but by letting us nail his Son to a Cross for our sins.

It’s true that this is not what was meant to be.  Like horses, we were meant to go barefoot, to roam freely, to live our lives as the crowning achievement of God’s creation: the most noble of his creatures.  We were not meant to carry the kinds of loads we must now carry, to survive only by virtue of the sweat of our brows, to have to withstand the elements just to survive.  We were made to be relatively fragile, lovely creatures who could happily survive in a garden where hoeing and plowing were hardly necessary, in a soil so loamy and rich the good things just sprang up from it.

But we saddled ourselves with a selfishness that takes what it wants, even if it is comes from the one tree in the garden we should not eat from, and we bridled ourselves with a self-assurance that will murder its brother out of nothing more than jealousy.  And we have turned our ancient proficiencies at taking what we want, and killing when we want to, into a life-style, into a society.  If you wonder why these two sins are the first and most important ones described in the earliest pages of Scripture, just review a little human history – pick almost any era - and see if these are not recurring themes.  And yet, we pretend that it has come at no cost to ourselves.  We pretend that it does not hurt our feet to walk over the stony ground of our murderous selfishness.  We pretend that our Nikes protect us; and then we just do it, whatever “it” is.

It is the usual expectation to come to church on Good Friday to reflect on Jesus’ pain as he suffered and died.  But it might be useful to stop here for a while and think about what has happened to us, to reflect on how difficult it is for us to walk barefoot, so to speak, over the sharp and painful landscape of our sins.

God knows how difficult the terrain is that we have either chosen or been forced to walk because of our human nature.  God knows how much of our history can be boiled down to a pattern of taking and killing, taking and killing, taking and killing.  We can dress both up and make them seem legit, but the pattern is the same.

What to do for your most noble creatures, your loveliest, if fragile, creatures, the crowning achievement of your creation, if you are God, and you see them struggling, limping, lame as we are?

You send your Son to them.  And by the mysterious alchemy of God’s grace, when he is nailed to the Cross, it as though something strong has been affixed to our souls; something shaped to fit just right is attached to our lives, to keep us safe despite the rugged terrain that lies ahead.  And we are here today to put our fingers on that spot on the far side of the Cross where we want the nails to come out, to make sure the nails go in just right. 

Left to our own devices we will just continue to do ourselves damage, our feet simply cannot take it.  But God’s devices are more wonderful and mysterious than our own – working even in the darkness of a tomb, in the death of his Son.  And from the instruments of death he forges the mechanics of salvation, and still somehow allows us to run barefoot whenever we want to.

Preached by Fr. Sean Mullen

Good Friday 2011

Saint Mark’s Church, Philadelphia

The Carnival of Blood

Seven score and ten years ago, our fathers embarked on an adventure of slaughter that would soak the ground with blood.  We have our wars today, but have sent them overseas, like so many other difficult endeavors.  We hear about them from a distance, and remain mostly untroubled as we wait for the price of gas to fall, the stock market to rise, and a cheaper way to get cable TV.  But the nation we populate today was forged in bloodshed, close-up and personal: first in a revolution, and then refined in a civil war that one soldier called a “carnival of blood.”  625,000 soldiers died in the Civil War – about a third of them in combat, the others from illness or other causes.  The war unfurled carpets of dead bodies on battlefields from Gettysburg to Vicksburg and beyond, as the machinery of war grew ever more efficient and effective.

One of the great heroes of the war (on this side of the Mason-Dixon line) lived around the corner from here on 19^th Street, and was a member of this parish.  General George Gordon Meade commanded the Army of the Potomac at the bloodbath of Gettysburg where the tide of the war began to turn toward victory for the Union.  Not long after the war, General Meade would be buried from this church, with President Ulysses S. Grant in attendance.

An odd discovery was made in the aftermath of Gettysburg when they finally got around to cleaning up the battlefield.  Of the weapons gathered up, some 24,000 rifles were still loaded, suggesting to some historians that a great many soldiers were reluctant to fire their weapons.  Hard to say.  Easier to say that a great many were perfectly willing to do so.

On another battlefield in Georgia, the bloodiest battle after Gettysburg, the story is told of a Confederate soldier who decided he was unwilling to kill the advancing Yankees, and stood on the battlefield firing his weapon directly up into the air.  When his captain threatened to shoot him if he didn’t aim at the enemy, the soldier is said to have replied “You can kill me if you want to, but I am not going to appear before my God with the blood of another man on my soul.”  How things turned out for the soldier does not appear to be part of the historic record.

The Bishop of Georgia at the time said that “to shed such blood as we have spilled in this contest for the mere name of independence, for the vanity or the pride of having a separate national existence, would be unjustifiable before God and man.  We must have higher aims than these.”  But if those higher aims were to justify the enslavement of other human beings, then they have been shown to be worthless.

A Yankee preacher declared from the safety of Rhode Island that the dead were “the price and purchase-money of our triumph,” and that “in this blood our unity is cemented and forever sanctified,” which is easier said from Providence than from Richmond or Atlanta.[i]

As the end of the war was nearing, President Lincoln could invoke the providence of the divine hand, which “has its own purposes,” by quoting the Psalms: “The judgments of the Lord are true and righteous altogether.”  And when that great man died from his own bullet wound on Good Friday of 1865, at least one earnest clergyman made the connection to the Passion of our Lord, asserting about Lincoln that “one man has died for the people, in order that the whole nation might not perish.”

The blood flowing through the veins of this nation belongs to men and women of other generations, and yet it has not forged us into one nation, nor could it ever.  And yet as a people, a society, a nation, we have not stopped looking for other men to kill in the hopes that we will accomplish some righteous deed, and prove ourselves good.  That we are not alone in this regard does not excuse us, for we can only be responsible for ourselves.

We cling to the notion that there are certain murders that will be good for us; that it will be expedient that one man, here and there, should die for the people.  The target changes from time to time, but the idea remains more or less the same.  But even the bullets fired into the wisest father this nation has ever known on that Good Friday of 1865 did not make us one nation, under God.  His sacrifice could accomplish little more than grief and sorrow that lingers to this day when we reflect on it.

Was it really that idea – that one man should die for the people – that riled the crowd, and convinced the governor to crucify Jesus?  Perhaps, although it seems a bit far-fetched.  Something turned the crowd from their cheers of Hosanna! to the cries to crucify him.  Maybe it was precisely the fear that he really was the Messiah, and therefore blood was sure to be spilled – since they assumed the anointed one would soon raise an army and take up arms – that they preferred the idea that his blood should be spilled rather than theirs.  Who knows? 

Today we are swimming upstream in the blood of history to the veins of one who was guilty of nothing.  His blood is mingled now with the blood that seeped into the soil from here to Mississippi, more or less.  Was there something noble in the sacrifice of all those men seven score and ten years ago?  No doubt there was.  Was there something holy in it?  Maybe so.  Did it accomplish, as Lincoln asserted, the purposes of God?  We console ourselves with the thought that perhaps it did.

But only once have God’s purposes required the offering of blood, and on that Good Friday, it was his own blood to shed.

We continue to yield to the tempting notion that there is more bloodshed that can accomplish righteous deeds, and we devise ways to carry out this desire in broad daylight, as though it were less gruesome, somehow, than the self-inflicted carnival of blood this nation endured all those years ago.  Would we do better to fire our ammunition into the air, if we must shoot at something, than to appear before our God with the blood of other men on our souls?  The folly of bloodshed in war persists in the vain hope of righteousness, even as the thought that Jesus’ death and bloodshed meant anything at all sounds more like a fairy tale to many people.  And so we continue to put more hope in the blood that we can shed than in the blood that was shed for us.

In his second inaugural address, Lincoln said all he needed to say about slavery when he said that “it may seem strange that any man should dare to ask a just God’s assistance in wringing their bread from the sweat of other men’s faces.  But,” he went on, “let us judge not, that we be not judged.”[ii]  He might have said that it is stranger still to ask God’s assistance in wringing righteousness from another man’s blood.  Still, we must judge not, that we be not judged.

But it would be wise of us to learn how strange and costly it is for us to imagine that we could ever wring anything but misery and suffering out of bloodshed, and certainly not righteousness.  For the righteous spilling of blood, that has the power to redeem all the blood ever shed, and which is somehow redeeming all that bloodshed by the secret workings of God’s grace, was accomplished once and for all by God when he gave his Son to suffer and to die on a green hill far away.

Preached by Fr. Sean Mullen

Palm Sunday, 2011

Saint Mark’s Church, Philadelphia

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[i] All quotations except Lincoln’s are from Drew Gilpin Faust, This Republic of Suffering: Death and the American Civil War, New York: Vintage Civil War Library, 2008

[ii] Abraham Lincoln, Second Inaugural Address, 4 March, 1865

Playing Blind

As long as I am in the world, I am the light of the world. (Jn 9:5)

To be blind for a moment or two is easy: just shut your eyes tight and keep the light out.  Try to stop up your ears to keep the sound out – not so easy.  Or try to tie your tongue, to keep it from wagging – even harder.  Try to hobble yourself, to make yourself lame, and you will struggle to approximate the real thing.  But it is easy to blind yourself for a little while, and with a good blindfold you can extend your blindness indefinitely.  But of course, if we are only faking it, we can always escape it.  Try to keep your eyes shut for the duration of this sermon if you want to see whether it is easy or hard for you to be blind for a short time. Go ahead and try.

If I close my eyes, I see windows where the windows were before, until they begin to fade.  I think I see colors, too.  I seem to see corridors and highways opening up before me in the darkness that I could travel down, and I wonder if I should go to them.  If I keep my eyes closed long enough I can hear things I d not normally hear.  I can hear the hum of the air handling equipment beneath us.  I can hear the detail of conversation on the street outside, and the traffic.  If birds were singing I would hear them.  If the springtime blossoms were opening I’d detect the rustle of their unfurling leaves.  If snow was falling I’d sense the multiform flakes piling up on top of each other.  Or course I’d hear the rain  - any fool can hear the rain!  If I allow myself to be blind in church, I can smell the layers of incense of today blended with a century and more of Sundays.  And I think I can detect the scent of your perfume.

And this morning, if I keep my eyes shut tight and allow myself to be blind, I can hear this conversation that I know is not about me, since I have not been blind since birth, but I feel it is taking place in front of me, just like it did for that man, all those years ago.  I can hear the ruckus as a group approaches: arguing amongst themselves.  Some voices are smug and challenging, others are nervous and defensive.  One is calm and self-assured.  I hear the footsteps stop in front of me. 

If I keep my eyes shut, it seems to me that I am not there, it seems I can eavesdrop on this conversation, it seems they will not notice me.  I cannot see me; maybe they can’t either.  I scrunch my eyelids close together to hide, and to listen, but they are talking about me:  “Who sinned, this man or his parents, that he was born blind?”

Wait!  I want to cry out!  I was not born blind – you have me mistaken with someone else.  You have confused me with the man in the story, who really was born blind!  I can see - I want to shout and pop my eyelids open to prove it, but I am a little captivated by this discussion.  I am a little curious about the blind man’s sins.  It seems like a little research project, a little intelligence gathering, a little spying to find out about his sins – since someone else’s sins are always so much more easy to confront than my own – and so much more interesting to talk about!

I want to hear about this.  I want to listen objectively to the argument that is about to follow, one of those arguments like how many angels can fit on the head of a pin.  I want to sit silently with my eyelids closed and soak up the self-absorbed religious debate that passes for theological discussion, the kind of thing that goes on in churches and synagogues.  The question was offensive to me even before I adopted my temporary solidarity with the blind this morning:  Who sinned, me or my parents, that I was born blind?  Who thinks like that?  I can’t wait to hear this! 

But the answer is surprising, not what I expect.  “Neither this man nor his parents sinned; he was born blind so that God's works might be revealed in him…” says the calm and self-assured voice.  This, of course, is not true.  And I know it as soon as I hear him say it.  My eyes are closed, as they have been for a while now.  And it is easy for me, to dismiss immediately the notion that my parents have anything to do with my troubles.  But at the thought of my own sins, I reach, in my mind’s eye, for that full-color catalog of them – not the little ones that are easy to forget, but the big ones that I have kept in the inner cupboards of my heart, but that come so easily into vision when I close my eyes and shut out all other distractions. 

There are the hurts I have caused, the unkind words I have spoken, the pain I have inflicted.  There is a list of things I said I would do but never “got around to.”  There are faces in front of me in my memory that are stained with tears that I caused.  There are ringing phones I did not answer.  There are hands reaching out to me that I refused to grasp.  There are vicious words I hissed, still hissing in the vaporous air.  There are so many things done and left undone; it is not hard for me to see them in the dark.

How could anyone say I have not sinned?  Only someone who doesn’t know, who cannot see what I can see so clearly with my eyes shut tight, with nothing but my own soul to look into, what makes my stomach churn with self-knowledge.  I know the answer to the question.  I know who sinned.  And I can see it all laid out before me.   And I would like to weep for my sins when I see them like this.  And how could anyone say that God’s works will be revealed in me, if he only knew what I knew about me, if he could only see what I see with my eyes shut tight, in the dark like this!

Now I think I would like to open my eyes.  But all of a sudden I cannot.  It is as though they have been glued or sewn or taped shut.  I can feel the light, the warmth beyond me, and I only meant this an exercise, a bit of fun to pretend we are blind because it is so easy to pretend, but now, when I would like to escape my sins – so clearly projected on the darkness in front of me – it seems I cannot pry my own eyelids open. 

And I am wondering about you.  Can you see your own sins as clearly as I can see mine?  Can you answer the disciples’ question (Who sinned here?)?  And are your eyes stuck shut in your own peculiar blindness when you think about these things? Are you peeking?  Do you find your sins as hard to escape as I do mine?  And do you find that you would like to weep, but that you cannot?  It is as if our tear ducts have gone dry.

But I realize that the voices are still there in front of me, that I have not been hidden from view even though I thought I was hiding.  The disciples are there, some challenging, others defensive, and the calm, self-assured rabbi is there, too.  And someone – I think it is him -  has stooped down right in front of me, just when I was thinking I wanted to weep for my sins but could not. 

Still, no tears will come, and yet I feel an unusual moisture at my eyelids, and the fingertips of two strong but gentle hands at my temples as the thumbs rub something wet onto my eyelids, which remain mysteriously shut.  And the calm voice says to me, “Go wash in the pool of Siloam.”

Because of our circumstances, I cannot, of course, go anywhere right now, and neither can you.  But with our eyes shut, we can go there in our imagination – to the pool called Sent – we can go where we have been sent.  We can feel its cool waters splash across our faces and begin to un-cake the mud that has already dried around our eyelids.  And we can feel the light fill our eyes, we can open them now and reclaim our sight.

Because you were not born blind, perhaps you thought the Gospel story this morning was not about you.  But you don’t need to have been born blind to know the healing power of Jesus’ love.  Just close your eyes, and let yourself be blind for a little while.  Look into the darkness of your own heart and search for the source of light.

Many of us are our own worst enemies, facing no challenges so great as to how to overcome our own foolishness, selfishness, pride, greed, indifference, and more.  And even though we were not born blind, most of us know what it is like to be caught in our own darkness, convicted by our failures, our losses, the things done and left undone in our lives.  But because the question offended us (Who sinned, this man or his parents?) we have already dismissed the question of the cause of our darkness as so much religious foolishness.  And so we have often come to believe that Jesus’ ministry of binging sight to the blind has nothing to do with us, and we have pretended that the darkness is not there.

But there is a darkness there, where you and I yearn for light.  There is a tiny black hole that seems to suck the energy out of life itself, somewhere in your gut.  Maybe you are certain it is your fault, that you put the black hole there; maybe you think it was someone else’s fault; maybe you don’t know.  I don’t really care, and I’m not sure God cares, though I’m sure God knows.

And God sees us when we would rather hide, just because we cannot see ourselves does not mean God cannot see us – this is a very old lesson.  And he does not want to win the argument about who sinned, about whose fault it is.  He is not really interested in that kind of thinking – in fitting angels on the head of a pin.

But he does kneel beside us, take some of his own spit, and mix it with the dirt, and rub it over our eyelids.  He lets his hands linger there on our heads for a moment, because he knows this is comforting to us: his touch, as we confront the reality of our darkness.

And then he says gently to us, calmly, self-assuredly: Go, wash in the pool where I send you.  And we grope for a little while longer to find the place where we have been sent, and it is still dark.  Until we wash, and discover that behind the mud, God was doing something secret and healing and beautiful.

And I was blind but now I see.  There is light where before there was only darkness.  And now I know that as long as he is in the world he is the light of the world.  And I think we must do whatever we can to keep him here.

Preached by Fr. Sean Mullen

3 April 2011

Saint Mark’s Church, Philadelphia